Origins: Mid-1960s, developed by James Brown and others
Key Characteristics:
- “One” beat emphasis (downbeat)
- Syncopated bass lines and drum patterns
- Minimal harmonic progression
- Percussion-like approach to all instruments
- Call-and-response vocal patterns
Historical Context: Funk emerged as a rhythmic revolution, reducing harmony in favor of complex, interlocking rhythmic patterns. It influenced disco, hip-hop, and contemporary dance music.
Influential Artists:
- James Brown (Godfather of Funk)
- Parliament-Funkadelic (P-Funk)
- Sly and the Family Stone (Psychedelic Funk)
- Prince (Funk Rock)
- Red Hot Chili Peppers (Funk Rock)
Cultural Impact: Funk’s rhythmic innovations became the foundation for hip-hop and electronic dance music.